INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In the OpT2mise trial, a randomized, controlled, multicenter study of 331 T2D adults with suboptimal glycemic control (>9.0% HbA1c), participants were randomized to insulin pump or MDI therapy and were followed for 6 months.35,72 Among the study participants, 18% were positive for anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (anti-GAD Ab) levels and 24% had undetectable C-peptide levels.