MAPK14 and Insulin resistance: Chronic inflammation in insulin-responsive tissues is one of the most important causes of insulin resistance consistent with elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels leading to the activation of stress-related signaling pathways which in turn activates protein kinases such as c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), protein kinase C (PKC), glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) and P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, which plays an important role in insulin resistance [13, 14].