Finally, in breast cancer and AtT20 pituitary tumour cells, CaSR activates elevations in cAMP by switching of CaSR coupling from Gαq/11 and Gαi/o to Gαs (Mamillapalli et al. 2008, Mamillapalli & Wysolmerski 2010). The gene discussed is CASR; the disease is breast carcinoma.