TNF and inflammatory bowel disease: Given the key role of the immune cells in the pathogenesis of IBD and of TNBS-induced colitis and the ability of UniPR1331 to restore the profile of splenic T cell subpopulations, UniPR1331 effects were investigated also on TNFα release by stimulated mononuclear splenocytes and, surprisingly, the behaviour of the small molecule stood out from that of both monomeric proteins.