The intake of a diet enriched with EVOO decreased the expression of some genes linked to pro-inflammatory pathways, including C-C motif chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1/2/3 (CXCL1/CXCL2/CXCL3), C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and oncostatin M (OSM), in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of individuals with metabolic syndrome, if compared with diets with low phenolic compound content [72]. The gene discussed is CXCL1; the disease is metabolic syndrome.