INS and Mental deterioration: In an in vitro study, hydroxytyrosol, a polyphenol present in EVOO, added to an astrocytic cellular line in the presence of Aβ, reduced its cytotoxic effect, by the activation of protein kinase B (Akt) and inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), reverting the insulin signaling pathway, showing that olive oil consumption prevents cognitive decline by improving insulin metabolism [77].