TNF and rosacea: Yuan et al. [37] reported that proinflammatory factor levels (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) and TLR-2 were significantly ameliorated by artemisinin treatment in LL37-induced rosacea-like mice, and artemisinin significantly decreased the LL37-induced expression of inflammatory biomarkers via the NF-κB signaling pathway in HaCaT cells.