In support of this, a study on children with acute lymphatic leukemia showed damage to brain structures both before and after chemotherapy, with an increase in Tau protein (suggestive of axonal damage) and in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in patients with alterations of the apolipoprotein E gene (associated with attention deficit) and an increase in leukoencephalopathy, with impairment of the white matter [32,33]. This evidence concerns the gene GFAP and Leukoencephalopathy.