PNPLA3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: HBV infection, for example, induces chromosome instability and insertional mutagenesis [64,66] and has been associated with TP53 mutations [60], whereas patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) polymorphisms (coding a lipase involved in triacylglycerol hydrolysis) are strongly associated with the chronic liver disorders ALD [67] and NAFLD [68,69].