In particular, surrogate measures, based on fasting levels of insulin and glucose are validated tools that simplify IR measurement and are used in epidemiological studies and in clinical practice [8,9,10]; these include the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), HOMA of percentage β-cell function (HOMA-β) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Insulin resistance.