HIF1A and hepatocellular carcinoma: Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that ginsenoside CK effectively inhibited the expression and translocation of HIF-1α induced by hypoxia in HCC-LM3 cells, as shown in Figure 6A, which corresponds to the Western blotting results shown in Figure 6D. Next, we detected the influence of ginsenoside CK on HIF-1α downstream signaling.