Therefore, without deviating from the current focus on prevention and treatment of OAT-induced vasculopathy, we are initiating a study to elucidate the synergistic effects of PAW on anti-rejection and immune modulator agents, such as DPP-4 inhibitor, and to analyze whether the use of PAW in combination with existing drugs can achieve better therapeutic effects than current treatment modalities. Here, DPP4 is linked to vascular disorder.