Postmortem brains studies from AD patients revealed that the expressions of GLUT1 and GLUT3 were significantly decreased, which correlated with abnormal tau hyperphosphorylation and the downregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α, which leads to the transcriptional activation of GLUT); interestingly, the GLUT2 expression was increased, likely due to astrocyte activation [45]. This evidence concerns the gene SLC2A3 and Alzheimer disease.