The discovery of the fusion gene nucleophosmin (NPM)-ALK, a result of a t (2:5) translocation, in anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) has led to the identification of targetable ALK fusion genes in ALCL and other malignancies, such as EML4-ALK in lung cancer [46,47]. This evidence concerns the gene EML4 and anaplastic large cell lymphoma.