In addition to a possible increase in amyloid and tau burden in diabetic patients [115,116], non-AD mechanisms could also link type 2 diabetes to neurodegeneration, as a result of insulin resistance disturbing cerebral insulin pathways, vascular endothelial dysfunction leading to hypoxic neuronal injury and inflammation disrupting the blood–brain barrier [117]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.