TNF-α is an inflammatory cytokine produced by macrophages/monocytes during acute inflammation that is used by the TNF/TNFR cytokine superfamily to induce necrosis or apoptosis; is responsible for the maintenance and homeostasis of the immune system; influences inflammation and host defense; and is important for resistance to infection and cancers [48]. This evidence concerns the gene TNFRSF1A and infection.