Furthermore, reduced angiogenesis, abnormal elastogenesis, altered profibrotic changes, increased myofibroblast counts, and enhanced TGFβ activity were observed in Lbpt4−/− lungs; thus, these factors may play a role in the pathophysiology of LTBP4-related pulmonary emphysema [44]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is pulmonary emphysema.