SDC1 and breast carcinoma: Indeed, Sdc-1 is co-expressed with angiogenic factors in early stages of breast cancer [11], and studies in Sdc-1 knockout and overexpressing mice [58,59], and on proangiogenic integrins [60] have identified alterations in proteolysis, integrin activity, and integrin-dependent leukocyte recruitment as contributing mechanistic factors for a role of Sdc-1 in angiogenesis.