Questions have been raised regarding which surgical procedure is more beneficial with respect to both long-term survival and quality of life for patients; interestingly, while BCS with radiotherapy is less invasive and traumatic than radical mastectomy, a 2010 study found there to be no significant difference in survival between these two surgical methods in patients with BRCA1/2 breast cancers [91]. The gene discussed is BRCA1; the disease is breast carcinoma.