PINK1 and Parkinson disease: However, in the past 10 years, more than 30 genes responsible for PD pathogenesis, such as α-synuclein, Parkin, PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) [158,159], have been identified [160,161,162,163,164,165,166].