SLC19A2 and diabetes mellitus: It has been shown that reduced vitamin B1 levels in diabetic vascular cells exacerbate metabolic dysfunction in hyperglycemia [37], and genetic studies have reported that the relationship between diabetes and vitamin B1 is associated with transketolase (Tk), α-1-antitrypsin, the SLC19A2 gene, and p53 [38,39,40,41].