To examine CIV turnover in the vascular ECM, we tested the serum levels of ACIVAbs IgM, ACIVAbs IgG, CIV-DP, CIC-CIV, free ACIVAbs, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in patients with T2D by ELISA, comparing the results with those of matched healthy control group. The gene discussed is CD40LG; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.