ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Alterations in two of these pathways, including mutations in EGFR and ALK gene rearrangements, have led to the inclusion of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the standard-of-care treatment for this subset of metastatic NSCLC patients (and, more recently, for EGFR-mutated LA-NSCLC patients post-surgical resection) [57].