Primary AML blasts were found to produce large amounts of diverse cytokines (including GM-CSF, G-CSF, IL-3, IL-6, IL-1α, β, TNF-α, and SCF) and chemokines (CCL2/3/4/5/13/17/22/24, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL5, CXCL8, and CXCL9 to 11) [35]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.