TNF and cancer: The excessive fat accumulation is accompanied by invasion of inflammatory cells into adipose tissue, which secretes cancer-related adipokines/chemokines including adiponectin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), leptin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), interleukine-6 (IL-6) and lipocalin 2 [143,144,145,146,147].