PNPLA3 has been widely studied in NAFLD since the missense variant rs738409 C>G encoding for the I148M allele of PNPLA3 was first discovered in 2008 by GWAS and reported to explain most of the genetic contribution to the hepatic triglyceride accumulation and tendency to NAFLD in patients of different ethnicity [83]. Here, PNPLA3 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.