The first group, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) includes heritable forms caused by specific mutations, the most common of which are loss-of-function mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2) and includes other types of pulmonary hypertension, such as idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, that share similar pulmonary vascular abnormalities [1]. This evidence concerns the gene BMPR2 and pulmonary hypertension.