TGFB1 and neoplasm: Bintrafusp alfa is a bifunctional fusion protein composed of a human anti-PD-L1 antibody, which directs the drug to the tumor microenvironment, and the extracellular domain of the transforming growth factor β receptor (TGF-βRII), which “traps” the tumor-surrounding TGF-β [106], a cytokine involved in the regulation of cell cycle, apoptosis, self-tolerance and extracellular matrix composition [107].