In addition to recruiting endothelial cells into the tumor stroma, CXCL12 interacts with its receptor CXCR4 on the melanoma cell surface [142], and enhances melanoma cell adhesion to endothelial cells via an integrin β1-based mechanism, both in vitro and in vivo [143], and promotes melanoma cell migration from the blood to distant organs, especially to lungs [142]. Here, CXCR4 is linked to melanoma.