Participants in our study cohort with diabetes differed significantly from those without diabetes in anthropometric trait measurements (age (p-value = 3.03 × 10−12), weight (p-value = 7.07 × 10−6), BMI (p-value = 1.36 × 10−5) and WC (p-value = 3.58 × 10−9)), lipid trait measurements (HDL (p-value = 0.0018) and TG (p-value = 7.09 × 10−7)), glycemic indices (FPG (p-value = 5.19 × 10−16) and HbA1 c (p-value = 2.2 × 10−16)), in obesity status, insulin (p-value = 0.051) and irisin (p-value = 1.83 × 10−5). Here, FNDC5 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.