HMOX1 and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: It has been recently demonstrated that homozygous HO-1 knock-out in BRAF-WT melanoma cells is able to decrease clone formation and to lower tumor cell growth [176]; further, in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells, HO-1 CRISPR/Cas9 is able to suppress cell proliferation and improve the efficacy of gemcitabine treatment [151].