Although there is concurrent evidence that a NT-proBNP elevation is associated to an increased likelihood of detecting paroxysmal AF in patients with ischemic stroke [59], bearing in mind that with prolonged heart rhythm monitoring AF detection increases up to 15–30% in cryptogenic stroke [10,11], that could imply that 19–34% of patients may have an atrial cardiopathy without AF. This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.