Furthermore, co-administration of Ok-PDRN and pirfenidone was found to alleviate the effects of acute respiratory distress syndrome in human lung epithelial cells, which was induced using a combination of LPS (1 μg/mL) and tissue growth factor-β (TGF-β) (5 ng/mL) [24]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.