Moreover, in the bilateral common carotid arteries occlusion (BCCAO) rat model of AD, which manifests as neuronal morphological damage along with Aβ deposition in the hippocampus and cognitive deficits of Aβ in rat hippocampus, oral administration of icariin reduces hippocampal expression of APP and BACE1, and induces the expressions of insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain 10 (ADAM10). Here, APP is linked to Alzheimer disease.