AKT1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: The EGFR in human HCC is associated with the extracellular membrane protein, VersicanV1, a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, which can induce EGFR signaling via the PI3K/Akt pathway and promote the Warburg effect by shifting cellular metabolism from aerobic oxidation to lactic acid fermentation [141].