Previous literature has shown that miR-124 contributes to PD pathogenesis by modulating cell survival, cell damage, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation through calpain 1/p25/cyclin-dependent kinases 5 (CDK5), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κβ), signal transducer, and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), BCL-2-interacting mediator of cell death (Bim) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways [222,223,224,225]. The gene discussed is CDK5; the disease is Parkinson disease.