HSPG2 and cholangiocarcinoma: Many plant lectins, for instance sialic acid-binding lectins (e.g., Maackia amurensis lectin-II and Sambucus nigra agglutinin) and N-acetyl galactosamine/galactose (GalNAc/Gal) binding lectins (e.g., soybean agglutinin, Sophora japonica agglutinin (SJA), Vicia villosa lectin, and Wisteria floribunda agglutinin), have been used to detect CCA-associated glycans and glycoproteins in tumor tissues and sera from CCA patients [2,5,6,7,8,9,10].