In contrast, proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12p70, MCP-1, and MIP-1α as well as anti-inflammatory IL-8 were upregulated in AD brains, while GM-CSF, IL-17, and IL-1β were downregulated in control brains [260,261]. The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is Alzheimer disease.