The keywords searched for this review included atherosclerosis, atherogenesis, vascular inflammation, ASCVD, LDL-C, oxidized LDL, electronegative LDL, LDL (−), L5 LDL, LOX-1, inflammasomes, proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, AIRDs, SLE, SSc, PM/DMtis, pSS, therapeutic strategies, cytokine-targeting agents, LOX-1-targeting therapy, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), and microRNAs. The gene discussed is PCSK9; the disease is atherosclerosis.