Data from preclinical and clinical studies show that these inflammatory lesions within the breast are associated with local NF-κB activation, increased aromatase activity, and elevation of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and COX-2-derived PGE2)—factors involved in multiple pathways of breast cancer development and progression. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is breast cancer.