PANC1 cells grown in conditioned media also showed a decrease in the expression of E-cadherin (CDH1) and an increase in expression of zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) and vimentin (VIM), pointing to a PAR1/macrophage-induced mesenchymal tumor state in PDAC [90]. Here, VIM is linked to mesenchymal cell neoplasm.