The schematic pathway showing developing diabetic nephropathy, cardiomyopathy and nephropathy through the modulation of nitric oxide, protein kinase G (PKG-1), thrombospondin 1 (TSP1), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF- β1) and NF-κB is shown in Figure 3. This evidence concerns the gene THBS1 and diabetic kidney disease.