TNF and Insulin resistance: Levels of omentin-1, an adipokine that downregulates the expression of NF-kB and TNF-α and inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation, are decreased in T1DM [68]; in the same notion, levels of adiponectin, an adipokine that also inhibits TNF-a-induced activation of NF-kB signaling and endothelial adhesion molecule expression, are diminished during hyperglycemic states and are negatively associated with insulin resistance [69].