It has been demonstrated that patients with primary lymphoma and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) display markedly increased expression of NLRP3 inflammasome molecules accompanied by overexpression of IL-18 mRNA [96,98]; nevertheless, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients display lower levels of IL-1β or NLRP3 than controls [52]. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.