For example, in mice with liver-specific homozygous deletion of Smad4 and Pten (hereafter Alb-Cre; Smad4f/f; Ptenf/f), all mice developed iCCA and died after 10 months, while Alb-Cre; Ptenf/f mice predominantly developed HCC [100]. This evidence concerns the gene ALB and infantile convulsions and choreoathetosis.