However, taking into account the prominent roles of immunosuppressive targets that we found to be downregulated in the plasma-treated co-cocultures, along with the dramatic decrease of absolute concentrations (e.g., 90% for IL6 and 80% for CXCL1), our findings suggest an overall beneficial effect of plasma-treated PDA cells on murine macrophages in terms of shaping the TME. The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is Patent ductus arteriosus.