MTTP and folate deficiency: Moreover, betaine has been correlated with hypomethylation of CpG clusters of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP), enhancing VLDL excretion from the liver; conversely, vitamin B12 and folate deficiency was demonstrated as related to mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired beta-oxidation, and TG accumulation based on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha hypomethylation [131].