Although several reports have suggested that the overexpression of DPP-4 would be a potential tumor prognosis marker in certain cancers, it is unresolved (1) how diverse functions of DPP-4 influence the cancer progression, and (2) whether DPP-4 inhibition is relevant as a therapy for patients with such DPP-4 overexpressed cancers. Here, DPP4 is linked to cancer.