Prior non-vegetarian history revealed marginal association with AMD by modulating the expression of HTRA, B3GALTL, IER3, LIPC and TIMP3 with changing it -0.691 (B = beta coefficient) unit with reference to never smoker (95% CI = 0.233–1.076; P = 0.076). The gene discussed is IER3; the disease is age-related macular degeneration.