TGM2 and cranioectodermal dysplasia: The α-gliadin fragment p31-43 has a unique toxic effect in in vitro experiments, causing higher proliferation rate, actin rearrangement, reactive oxygen species production, TG2 activation and interleukin-15 production in Caco2 cell line and CeD patients-derived biopsy specimens (Barone et al. 2014).