DDIT3 and renal fibrosis: Curcumin has been shown to effectively prevent and treat renal fibrosis by attenuating the increased protein expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), such asp-JNK, p-ERK1/2, GRP78, and CHOP in the kidney tissue of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mice [82].